聽課5大點(diǎn)和評(píng)課5s

蘭萱

<p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">How to observe and uate a lesson in an effective way?</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">如何有效地聽評(píng)課？</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"></h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">We should not think of teaching as something the teacher does in isolation, it is a three-way relationship between the teacher, the materials he or she is using, and the students. So when we talk about ‘good teaching’ we may be thinking of quite different things. For example, we might judge how well teachers ‘teach the lesson’ . Or we might consider how well teachers manage the class. Or we might consider the teachers themselves. Teachers can often be ‘good’ in some respects but not so good in others.</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">我們不應(yīng)該把教學(xué)看做是孤立的事情，它包含教師，學(xué)生及他們用的材料三者之間的關(guān)系。談到優(yōu)質(zhì)課，我們可能會(huì)想到不同的方面。比如，我們可能會(huì)評(píng)判老師教的好不好，或老師課堂把控的如何，或者會(huì)想到老師他們自身如何。通常老師在某些方面比較優(yōu)秀，在某些其它方面就不是那么好。</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"></h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Because of this, when we observe a lesson it is useful to divide teaching into different categories, so that we can on different aspects of teaching. It is also useful to think of different categories when observing one’s own teaching.</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">因此，我們?cè)诼犝n的時(shí)候，把教學(xué)過(guò)程分類是比較有用的，這樣我們可以關(guān)注教學(xué)的不同方面。思考教學(xué)的不同方面同樣適合自己的課堂。</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">A. Aims of teaching 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：應(yīng)該包括學(xué)習(xí)策略。角度應(yīng)該是學(xué)生會(huì)什么。</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Instructional aims and educational aims</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">內(nèi)容目標(biāo)及德育目標(biāo)</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">B. Teaching procedure 教學(xué)過(guò)程</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">C. Design of teaching 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">D. Classroom management 課堂管理</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">People: The teacher 老師</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">The students學(xué)生</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">The relationship between the Ts and Ss師生關(guān)系</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Language: Telling the Ss what you expect them to do</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">課堂指令要明確</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">The correction of mistakes 糾錯(cuò)</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Encouraging Ss 鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Environment: The classroom 教室</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">the positioning of the desks 學(xué)生桌子的擺放位置</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">the position of the teacher 教態(tài)</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Organization: A good lesson 好的課堂</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Clear learning objectives 清晰的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Variety in activities 活動(dòng)的多樣性</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">E. Qualities of teachers 教師素養(yǎng)</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Teacher’s personality 教師性格</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">Command of English 英語(yǔ)的掌握程度</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"></h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"></h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">如何有效地評(píng)課？</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"></h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">對(duì)于新教師，可以說(shuō)非常渴望能夠得到有經(jīng)驗(yàn)教師的指點(diǎn)，然而事實(shí)情況是新教師講完課之后，有經(jīng)驗(yàn)老師發(fā)表看法，一般都是比較隨性的，觀點(diǎn)較多，這樣新教師也會(huì)覺得自己?jiǎn)栴}比較多，卻抓不住重點(diǎn)，為了避免這種情況，可以從以下五個(gè)方面進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，簡(jiǎn)稱為5S原則。</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">We can follow the SSSS+S process.（楊曉鈺）</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">1.Sympathise — The observers understand the problems the teacher faces and show sympathy for him or her. 教師面對(duì)的問(wèn)題是復(fù)雜的，作為聽眾應(yīng)該要有同情心，不能一味的指責(zé)。</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">2. Summarise — The observers give the general impression. 評(píng)課人要概括這節(jié)課的內(nèi)容，然后給出自己的總體評(píng)價(jià)（好中差）</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">3. Select — The observers choose one or two aspects to on. (Which aspect? Why?) 評(píng)課人要聚焦一兩個(gè)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，這樣重點(diǎn)突出。好在哪里？要說(shuō)出supporting ideas.</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">4. Suggest — The observers give their own opinion on some specific aspects. Try to make the comments constructive and helpful by offering specific advice. ( What opinion？Why? How?) </h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">對(duì)于一些不好的點(diǎn)，評(píng)課人要給出一些建設(shè)性的建議。 </h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">5. Stress — The observers affirm the strong points of the teaching observed.</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">最后，評(píng)課人要強(qiáng)調(diào)所觀察到的亮點(diǎn)，有助于教師進(jìn)一步打造自己，越來(lái)越好。</h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;"><br></h3><p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(26, 26, 26, 0.301961); -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;">評(píng)課5s詳細(xì)版本：楊老師的5S評(píng)課模式分為以下五點(diǎn)：一、Sympathise態(tài)度。評(píng)一堂課，首先我們要端正自己的態(tài)度，我們要站在教師的角度，看到別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。我們?cè)u(píng)課很多時(shí)候就像一次批斗會(huì)，把人家說(shuō)的一無(wú)是處，惹得人家上課老師不高興，自己也并沒有學(xué)到什么。但是如果我們能站在教師的角度看到別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)、別人的不易，再反思自己的教學(xué)，也許你的教學(xué)還因此有其他的收獲。二、Summarise總體印象。評(píng)課的時(shí)候我們應(yīng)該給教師一個(gè)總體的評(píng)價(jià)：你這堂課總體感覺很好。因?yàn)槲覀兠總€(gè)上課的老師在上課之前都是做了很多的準(zhǔn)備功夫，克服了很多的困難在這里給我們展示自我。三、Select有選擇性。我們要選出教師做的好的和做的有點(diǎn)欠缺的各2—3條，并說(shuō)出理由。我們沒必要沒點(diǎn)都說(shuō)，應(yīng)該人不可能一下子把自己所有的不足改正。四、Suggest建議。我們?cè)u(píng)課實(shí)質(zhì)上就是幫助老師的成長(zhǎng)。所以在評(píng)課過(guò)程中要給教師具體的建議，如：我覺得你這方面不錯(cuò)，我們可不可以這樣做......五、Stress強(qiáng)調(diào).“你的課上的很好”。</h3>