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金秋賞菊

幽泉碧荷

<h3>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;11月與12月之交,北國早已千里冰封,萬里雪飄,而深圳卻是天高氣爽,金秋艷陽。</h3> <h3>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;自1984年首次舉辦,一年一度的菊花展在東湖公園已經(jīng)展出了35屆。</h3><h3>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2019深圳菊花展是2019深圳公園文化季的重點活動之一,以“麗菊盈馨,花舞秘境”為主題,以“菊夢”“菊影”“菊韻”作為三大主景點構(gòu)思,展出樹菊、大立菊、懸崖菊、球型菊、盆景菊、品種菊、普通菊、地被菊和荷蘭小菊約66000余盆。</h3> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2019年12月2日,我走進東湖公園,融入賞菊的人流。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;小時候,似乎菊花只有黃色和白色,現(xiàn)在才知道:菊花如此多姿多彩。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; “菊夢”位于陽光草坪,以蜜蜂采菊蕊為主造型,展現(xiàn)了童話般夢幻的場景,同時結(jié)合大型竹藝構(gòu)架,在草坪上布局出一朵盛開的菊花,展現(xiàn)了菊花飄逸的線條美和豐富的造景藝術(shù)空間。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;“菊影”位于釣魚區(qū),湖面和水中一組動靜結(jié)合的鯉魚藝術(shù)造型相映成趣,展現(xiàn)了菊花倒映在水中的朦朧美,同時結(jié)合光影效果,分別展示陽光下、燈光下、月光下的菊花倩影。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;“菊韻”品種盆景展位于杜鵑園,展出獨頭菊、9朵菊、30朵菊、70朵菊及大小盆景菊,共計260余個品種。今年的品種菊和盆景菊還增添了背景裝飾,結(jié)合展示菊花詩詞、山水圖案的竹簾畫和布畫裝飾。 <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 菊花清新高雅,色澤動人,盛開在百花凋零的深秋,自古以來都是人們喜愛的一種花卉。唐代詩人元稹曾做《菊花》一首:</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 秋叢繞舍似陶家,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 遍繞籬邊日漸斜。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 不是花中偏愛菊,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 此花開盡更無花。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 表達了詩人特殊的愛菊之情,對菊花歷盡風霜而后凋的堅貞品格的贊美。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 三國時期魏國名將、謀士鐘會曾做《菊花賦》稱:“何秋菊之可奇兮,獨華茂乎凝霜。”贊菊花有五美焉:“圓花高懸,準天極也;純黃不雜,后土色也;早植晚登,君子德也;冒霜吐穎,象勁直也;流中輕體,神仙食也?!?lt;/p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;鐘會所贊的五美,成就了菊花的寓意。</p> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 菊花寓意著<b>天道所在</b>。五美之一“圓花高懸,準天極也”,意思是:圓形的菊花高高懸起,有君臨天下之勢。鐘會認為:懸崖菊是天地之氣交感所生,它讓人感覺到天道的存在。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; 菊花寓意著<b>正直不屈</b>。五美之二“純黃不雜,后土色也”,是指常見的黃菊花其黃色為五色中的土的代表,是古代帝王家才能使用的顏色,也就是中華民族最高貴的顏色,也叫正色,所以菊花可以象征做人正直,不偏斜。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;菊花寓意著<b>君子之德</b>。五美之三“早植晚登,君子德也”,是指:菊花與其他花卉一起種植,可卻甘受寂寞,開在百花凋零之后。表明菊花不與百花爭艷,義讓群芳,有“花中君子”之美譽。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;菊花寓意著<b>堅定頑強</b>。五美之四“冒霜吐穎,象勁直也”,是指菊花在秋風瑟瑟中綻放,傲然挺立。菊花的這種傲霜精神也正是不畏艱難、堅定頑強精神的象征。 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 菊花寓意著<b>吉祥長壽</b>。五美之五“流中輕體,神仙食也”,是指菊花具有輕身延年之效用,在“花中十二客”中被譽為“壽客”。此外,在萬木蕭疏、群芳凋零時,只有菊花傲然開放,菊花也代表著長壽。 <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 宋代詩人鄭思肖做《寒菊 / 畫菊》</p><p><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 花開不并百花叢,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 獨立疏籬趣未窮。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 寧可枝頭抱香死,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 何曾吹落北風中。</p><p><br></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;唐代詩人李商隱做《菊花》</p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;暗暗淡淡紫,融融冶冶黃。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;陶令籬邊色,羅含宅里香。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 幾時禁重露,實是怯殘陽。&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 愿泛金鸚鵡,升君白玉堂。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 唐代詩人白居易做《詠菊》</p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 一夜新霜著瓦輕,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 芭蕉新折敗荷傾。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 耐寒唯有東籬菊,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 金粟初開曉更清。</p><p><br></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; “蘭有秀兮菊有芳,懷佳人兮不能忘?!?lt;/p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; —— 劉徹《秋風辭》</p> <p>  宋代詩人朱淑貞《菊花》 </p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp;  土花能白又能紅,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 晚節(jié)猶能愛此工。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 寧可抱香枝頭老,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 不隨黃葉舞秋風。</p> <p>  宋代詩人史鑄做《詠翻集句》</p><p><br></p><p>  東籬黃菊為誰香,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;不學群葩附艷陽。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;直待索秋霜色裹,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;自甘孤處作孤芳。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 宋代詩人陸游《九月十二日折菊》</p><p><br></p><p>  黃花芬芬絕世奇,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;重陽錯把配萸技。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;開遲愈見凌霜操,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;堪笑兒童道過時。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;唐代黃巢做《不第后賦菊》</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 待到秋來九月八,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 我花開后百花殺。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 沖天香陣透長安,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 滿城盡帶黃金甲。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; 唐代詩人吳履壘做《菊花》</p><p><br></p><p>  粲粲黃金裙,亭亭白玉膚。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;極知時好異,似與歲寒俱。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;墮地良不忍,抱技寧自枯。</p> <p>  明代詩人文征明做《詠菊》  </p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 菊裳茬苒紫羅衷,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 秋日融融小院東。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 零落萬紅炎是盡,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 獨垂舞袖向西風。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 宋詩人蘇軾做《趙昌寒菊》</p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 輕肌弱骨散幽葩,&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 更將金蕊泛流霞。&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 欲知卻老延齡藥,&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 百草摧時始起花。</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;唐代詩人杜甫做《云安九日》  </p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;寒花開已盡,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;菊蕊獨盈枝。</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;舊摘人頻異,</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;輕香酒暫隨。</p>