<p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">什么時候啟動藥物治療，是一個很多人都關(guān)心的問題，今天統(tǒng)一幫大家解答一下。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">指標(biāo)異常了就需要用藥治療嗎？</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不一定。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">指標(biāo)高了會危害身體；但如果只是輕度升高，危害是比較小的，如果指標(biāo)輕度異常就用藥的話，反而藥物的副作用，會比輕度升高的指標(biāo)的危害還要稍大一點。獲益小于風(fēng)險，用藥得不償失。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-weight: 700; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">病常見的相關(guān)指標(biāo)：</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-weight: 700; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">尿蛋白+四高</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">慢性腎臟病最普遍的表現(xiàn)是尿蛋白升高。此外，大家還知道“三高”：高血糖、高血壓、高血脂。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">而在腎病領(lǐng)域有“四高”的說法，就是在三高的基礎(chǔ)上再加上一個“高尿酸”，四高會誘發(fā)或加重腎臟病。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所以我們今天介紹一下：四高+尿蛋白，這5個指標(biāo)高到什么程度就需要用藥治療？</span></h3><h1 style="margin-top: 36px; margin-bottom: 22px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: 32px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一、尿蛋白</span></h1><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">關(guān)鍵數(shù)值：0.5g。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">康人的尿液中會有少量的尿蛋白。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: start; line-height: 1.6; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，24小時尿蛋白定量0.15g以上的人，往往是腎臟異常導(dǎo)致的，所以將尿蛋白的高限定為0.15g。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果尿蛋白沒有超過0.5g，那么對腎臟的影響很小，這樣的輕度蛋白尿，基本不會引起腎功能衰竭。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">所以，一般24小時尿蛋白定量超過0.5g的患者才需要用藥治療。0.5g也是原發(fā)性腎病臨床治愈的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（如果能降到0.3g以內(nèi)是最好的）。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">要注意的是，如果是繼發(fā)性腎病，比如糖尿病腎病、高血壓腎病、狼瘡性腎病等，導(dǎo)致腎損害的最大原因不是蛋白尿。在蛋白尿很少時，血糖、血壓和狼瘡就已經(jīng)對腎臟造成了巨大威脅，需要積極治療原發(fā)病來避免腎功能受損。</span></h3><h1 style="margin-top: 36px; margin-bottom: 22px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: 32px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">二、血尿酸</span></h1><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">關(guān)鍵數(shù)值：540μmol/L。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">酸輕度升高無需服用降尿酸藥，主要手段是飲食控制，低嘌呤飲食+大量喝水可以降低血尿酸70-90μmol/L。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">但如果尿酸較高，或是危害較大，則需要降尿酸藥物治療，包括3種情況：</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、如果通過飲食控制，血尿酸仍然居高不下;</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、尿酸超過540μmol/L，這個程度的血尿酸單純飲食控制難以起到很好的效果，需要在藥物的幫助下降尿酸;</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、高尿酸同時伴有家族遺傳、或已經(jīng)伴有痛風(fēng)等相關(guān)疾病的人。</span></h3><h1 style="margin-top: 36px; margin-bottom: 22px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: 32px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三、血壓</span></h1><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">關(guān)鍵數(shù)值：150mmHg。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">果收縮壓（高壓）達到了150mmHg，則需要用降壓藥。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果不伴有其它疾病、僅有高血壓，血壓目標(biāo)值是降至140/90 mmHg以下。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果伴有糖尿病或心、腦、腎疾病，應(yīng)將血壓降至130/80 mmHg以下。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">另外，收縮壓剛到150mmHg的患者，如果是肥胖引起的高血壓，而心腦腎都沒什么問題，則不用急著吃藥，可以先拿出兩三個月的時間去減體重，血壓可能會降到140/90 mmHg以下；如果已經(jīng)患有腎病、糖尿病、冠心病或腦血管病，那就需要馬上吃藥了。</span></h3><h1 style="margin-top: 36px; margin-bottom: 22px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: 32px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">四、血糖</span></h1><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">血糖高，可能是糖尿?。ǘ鄶?shù)要用藥），也可能是還沒發(fā)展到糖尿病的糖尿病前期（無需用藥）。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">先要看，是否是糖尿?。?lt;/span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1.糖尿病，需要兩次空腹血糖高于7.0，或者餐后兩小時血糖高于11.1，或者隨機血糖高于11.1，才能確診（一般同時伴有口干多飲、多食、多尿，以及消瘦乏力，即“三多一少”癥狀）。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.糖尿病前期，是空腹血糖高于6.1，或者餐后兩小時血糖高于7.8，但是沒有達到糖尿病的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果血糖輕度升高，就需要首先控制碳水化合物的攝入，也就是清淡飲食，多吃蔬菜；同時增加運動，促進體內(nèi)熱量的代謝和分解，有助于控制血糖。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果在控制飲食與增加運動以后，血糖沒有恢復(fù)到正常，就需要藥物治療。</span></h3><h1 style="margin-top: 36px; margin-bottom: 22px; font-weight: 700; font-size: 24px; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; line-height: 32px; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">五、血脂</span></h1><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">主要是甘油三酯和膽固醇。</span></h3><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">.甘油三酯</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">甘油三酯輕度增高的人，不要急著用藥，要控制飲食、增加運動、減輕體重、少喝或者不喝酒，來降低甘油三酯水平。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果甘油三酯嚴(yán)重升高，超過了5.6 mmol/L，應(yīng)該盡快用藥治療（首選非諾貝特），否則很容易發(fā)生急性胰腺炎（重癥病死率高）。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2.膽固醇</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">低密度脂蛋白膽固醇，是血脂檢驗中最重要的一項指標(biāo)，是對心血管危害最大的一種血脂。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果你已經(jīng)確診冠心病或是腦梗，即使化驗單顯示膽固醇沒超標(biāo)，也應(yīng)該馬上吃藥，把低密度脂蛋白膽固醇降到1.8 mmol/L以下；如果沒有冠心病、腦血管病、腎病、糖尿病、高血壓等，并且不吸煙、不肥胖，那就不需要吃藥。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果是沒有伴隨疾病的健康人，低密度脂蛋白膽固醇超過4.9 mmol/L，或是總膽固醇超過7.2 mmol/L，也屬于高危人群，應(yīng)該馬上用藥降低膽固醇。</span></h3><p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", "WenQuanYi Micro Hei", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 17px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">基礎(chǔ)疾病不同的人，膽固醇的數(shù)值意義差別很大。所以它的數(shù)值是次要的，更重要的是看患者伴有什么疾病。雖然化驗單上標(biāo)注著參考值，不同醫(yī)院可能是3.4 mmol/L、4.1 mmol/L，4.53mmol/L，但這些參考值基本沒有意義<span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 27.2px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">，</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 27.2px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">超標(biāo)的人</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 27.2px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">不一定要吃藥，要吃藥的人</span><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 27.2px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">也不一定超標(biāo)</span>。不要看著有向上的箭頭就吃藥，或是有向下的箭頭就停藥，服藥或是停藥一定要遵醫(yī)囑。</span></h3>