<font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 看過《堂吉訶德》的,對托萊多</font>(Toledo)這個名字不會太陌生,塞萬提斯的《堂吉訶德》常常提及這個曾經(jīng)的西班牙首都,至今</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">它的城</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">墻</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">上還能看到塞萬提斯留下的題詞:</font>“西班牙之榮耀,西班牙城市之光。”</span></p></font></span></font> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 托萊多是歐洲的歷史名城和著名的兵刃之都,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">也是現(xiàn)在最具西班牙古老風(fēng)情的城市。其位于馬德里西南</font>70公里的一個山丘上,</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">是卡斯蒂利亞</font>-拉曼恰自治區(qū)首府和托萊多省省會。</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">它曾經(jīng)是西班牙首都并長達</font>1000年,先后經(jīng)歷了羅馬人、西哥特人、阿拉伯人的統(tǒng)治,11世紀時卡洛斯五世將這里定為西班牙王都,</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">在阿方索六世收復(fù)之后,直至十六世紀遷都馬德里之前,這里都是卡斯蒂利亞王國的首都和全國宗教中心。</font>Castilla其實是從西語的“城堡”一詞而來,卡斯蒂利亞王國一開始也與其他中世紀的王國類似,范圍并不大,之后隨著聯(lián)姻、戰(zhàn)爭等</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">不斷</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">擴張,才成為如今的西班牙。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 托萊多作為當年的心臟之地,也被不同的宗教統(tǒng)治過,是西班牙民族融合的縮影。從摩爾人入侵起,托萊多的莫扎拉布人、摩爾人和猶太人友善相處,共聚此城,基督教、伊斯蘭教和猶太教并存,正因為如此托萊多也叫</font>“三種文化之都”。各宗教信徒各信各的神,各有各的經(jīng)文,你有你的耶穌約瑟瑪麗亞,我有我的默罕默德,和平共處,互不干擾。</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">因此古城內(nèi)的建筑和文化均留下了各個不同時代的烙印,建筑物涵蓋哥特式、摩爾式、巴洛克式和新古典主義的教堂、修道院、王宮、寺廟、城墻、石橋、民居都保存得十分完整,是一座多元文化藝術(shù)結(jié)晶的活寶庫。</font>1986年托萊多整個城市被聯(lián)合國授予“人類文化遺產(chǎn)城市”稱號。</span></p><p style="margin: 0pt;"><br></p></font></span></font> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'> 多少年來,古老的石板街道、教堂、橋梁,擁擠的集市、客棧、鑄劍工坊,托萊多古城就像不老的傳說,始終保持著中古世紀的面貌,時空仿佛停滯,等待著世界各地的人們前來尋夢。</span></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 我們站在瞭望臺上</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">隔河望去,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">整座托萊多古城,位于山丘高地,三面環(huán)河,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">小城聳立在堅實的巖石之上,活脫脫一個天然的軍事要塞,易守難攻符合古代戰(zhàn)爭的要求,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">我想這就是托萊多在戰(zhàn)亂年代</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">被西哥特人選為京城的原因。可是險峻封閉的地勢也限制了它的規(guī)模,當國家強大到成為一個帝國,托萊多再難以擴展來滿足</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">一個強國首都的需要</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">,遷都到咫尺之地的馬德里就成了歷史發(fā)展</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">必然。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 30pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">托萊多古城給我的印象是</font>“山之城”。與其說是一座城,不如說是一座山;如果稱作一座山,其實就是一座城。</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">它總被人們當成馬德里附近小而美的一座中世紀古鎮(zhèn),其實</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">在漫長的歷史當中,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">它</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">一直是</font>“都城”,類似我們的</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">西安</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">、日本的京都。</font></span></p></font></span></font> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 30pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">古城雖小,但是層層堆積起來的歷史、</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">不同的民族和文化為托萊多留下了彌足珍貴的藝術(shù)和歷史遺產(chǎn),城中</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">各類教堂、寺廟、修道院、王宮、城墻、博物館等大型古建筑約</font>70多處,</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">主要景點有:比薩戈拉門、太陽門、大教堂、圣多美教堂等。</font></span></p></font></span></font> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 30pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">比薩戈拉門為托萊多城的正門,朝北,建于</font>16世紀中葉。由于東、西、南有塔霍河隔斷,這是唯一能進入古城的一道城門。</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">門上有石刻的卡洛斯五世國王的標志雙頭鷹,同時它也是托萊多城的城徽。做著騎士夢的小說人物</font>“唐吉訶德”便是從比薩戈拉門,提著長槍騎著瘦馬走出去的。這座門的內(nèi)墻上也刻著前面提到過得《唐吉訶德》作者塞萬提斯給托萊多的提詞:“西班牙之榮耀,西班牙城市之光”。</span></p></font></span></font> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 太陽門</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">是最古老的,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">它建于</font>13世紀,</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">又稱為中世紀門,為阿拉伯人所建。馬蹄型的門、細柱連排窗飾,完全是阿拉伯風(fēng)格。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">之所以叫太陽門,有兩種說法:一是稱門上有太陽、月亮的圖案;</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">二</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">是稱阿方索十世時代星象測量結(jié)果,此門位居子午線零度上,從日出到日落,日光總照著此門。</font></span></p></font></span></font> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 托萊多大教堂是古城內(nèi)的著名建筑,位于老城的中心,是世界最大天主教堂之一,是哥特藝術(shù)的頂峰之作。如果說有一棟建筑物能代表一座城市的歷史發(fā)展,那么托萊多大教堂便是這樣的存在。大教堂建于</font>1227年至1493年,內(nèi)部裝飾完成于18世紀,外形采用了當時在西班牙教堂中很少用的法國哥特式建筑形式,內(nèi)部裝潢吸收了穆德哈爾等其他風(fēng)格,可以說是一座集各種建筑藝術(shù)風(fēng)格為一體的龐大建筑群。它不僅是西班牙的第二大教堂,更是西班牙首席紅衣主教的駐地,也就是西班牙天主教領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機構(gòu)的最高駐地和宗教中心。</span></font></font></span></p> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 因時間關(guān)系,我們在教堂外拍了些照片,以作打卡留念。據(jù)</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">官方介紹:教堂左側(cè)鐘樓高</font>90米,上掛一口17515公斤重的大鐘(鑄于1735年)。主堂長112米,寬56米,高45米,由88根大石柱支撐。主堂周圍有22個祠堂。大教堂的唱詩室位于主堂中央,唱詩班的兩排座椅為西班牙木雕藝術(shù)之珍寶,下排為哥特式,上排為文藝復(fù)興式,兩種藝術(shù)風(fēng)格水乳交融。下排座椅上方刻有54幅連環(huán)畫,記載了光復(fù)戰(zhàn)爭中收復(fù)格拉納達的歷史場面。</span></p></font></span></font> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 托萊多還有所教堂</font>——圣多美教堂,外觀很不起眼,據(jù)說里面有一幅畫很有名,是格列柯的《奧爾加斯伯爵的葬禮》,可惜我們時間不夠,沒有去看。</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">阿拉伯人所建的穆德哈爾風(fēng)格的建筑,其名聲主要來自珍藏在此的格列柯的名畫</font>――“奧爾加斯伯爵的葬禮”,這是格列柯的代表作,被認為是世界名畫之一。畫分成上下兩部分,下喻人間,把當時最顯赫的貴族、教士及社會名流均列在其內(nèi),作者的兒子也在其中。畫上還有16世紀的人居然出現(xiàn)在14世紀死者的葬禮中等一些令人費解的筆觸,</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">也使小城</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">增添了</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">些許</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">神秘</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">色彩。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 30pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">沿途可以看到大大小小的城頭堡,有圓柱形的也有多棱型的,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">這</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">是因為在不同時期建造的緣故,圓柱形的是當年的穆斯林占領(lǐng)時期的,而多棱形的則是天主教的風(fēng)格。如今,兩種風(fēng)格</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">融合</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">在一起,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">也頗具特色。這些石屋、石街下面都有著歷史的故事。</font></span></p></font></span></font> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 山頂</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">上就</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">是</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">最具代表性、最矚目的建筑物</font>——</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">托萊多城堡</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">,雄峙老城北面山丘的最高點,這里自古以來便是兵家必爭之地。托萊多城堡原先是</font>3世紀時羅馬人的宮殿,現(xiàn)在的城堡是16世紀時所修建。20世紀西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時,這座城堡受到了極大的破壞,戰(zhàn)后逐漸修復(fù)?,F(xiàn)</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">今城堡內(nèi)設(shè)</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">有一個軍事博物館以及卡斯帝利亞-拉曼卻省圖書館</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">城堡的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">四角有四個方形尖頂塔樓,站在塔樓上全景一覽無余,周邊是護城河。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">我想如果能在這里看夕陽西下一定很美。</font></span></p></font></span></font> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 古城</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">現(xiàn)代建筑甚少,城內(nèi)不僅不能隨意拆毀古建筑,也不準許修建任何新式樣的建筑,法律規(guī)定所有的新裝修必須采用十一世紀到十四世紀的外觀式樣。因此,至今仍保持著中</font>世紀的樣貌。石板路像是經(jīng)歷時間洗禮一般磨的發(fā)亮,城區(qū)街巷如蛛網(wǎng)般密布,道窄坡斜,各種石頭小路,蜿蜒曲折,基本只能靠走路游覽。</span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 整座</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">托萊多無論是居民還是游客,都不算少,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">有些街巷最窄處似乎只可容一人穿過,但不可思議的是這樣窄的街巷,小汽車竟然也能風(fēng)馳電掣地開進開出。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 在</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">托萊多</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">我們看到有的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">街道上掛遮陽棚,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">以為有什么神秘玄機,一問說是</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">為大家遮陽</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">這也實屬一奇觀</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">這可能跟西班牙陽光明媚有關(guān),我們?nèi)r是</font>5月,已是驕陽艷艷。</span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 我們還看到</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">大巴車</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">可以</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">環(huán)城通行,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">這也是種不錯的游覽方式。再說一下,老城西側(cè)的猶太區(qū)值得專程前往,和西班牙的建筑風(fēng)格有比較大的區(qū)別,這里的樓房大多是</font>2-3層,以大量的花磁磚貼滿外墻,加上堅硬的銅門和鐵窗,低調(diào)的藏在小巷內(nèi)。</span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 古城沿街有出售旅游紀念品的商店、旅店、酒家、咖啡館,鱗次櫛比,全是古香古色的民宅,整個城市顯得雅靜古樸。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">同時古城也是很多居民日常居住所在,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">還是蠻有</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">煙火氣、市井氣</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">,整座城市</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">就像</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">是一個有著生命跡象的古跡。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 我們在古城的商店里購買了一些具有復(fù)古氣息的耳環(huán)、胸針等小飾品,原本想買寶劍的,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">盔甲和刀劍應(yīng)該算是本地獨有的特色</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">。我們前面提到的托萊多也是</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">名副其實</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">兵刃之都,自中世紀開始,這里的匠人就能打造出令敵人聞風(fēng)喪膽的劍刃和無堅不摧的甲胄,鑄劍工藝聞名歐洲,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">托萊多制造就是品牌保證。只可惜冷兵器時代一去不復(fù)返,現(xiàn)在的托萊多鑄劍工坊打造的兵器會提供給電影劇組,比如《指環(huán)王》,有些工坊還會制作一些紀念品售賣給游客。</font></span></p></font></span></font> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 托萊多古城只有</font>4萬居民,守著祖先留下來的建筑,日落日出周而復(fù)始,仿佛與外界隔絕,我想這大概就是異國他鄉(xiāng)的世外桃源吧。</span></font></font></span></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 而后我們來到</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">阿爾</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">康</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">塔拉橋,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">并</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">在橋上拍照打卡。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">該橋最早由</font>2世紀的羅馬人所建,后來經(jīng)過阿拉伯人和西班牙人的修建而成為現(xiàn)在的樣子。中間的拱門上用拉丁文寫了“吾造此永恒之橋”,可以想見西班牙輝煌的帝國時代。</span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">橋下是環(huán)城同時也是環(huán)山的塔霍河,水流不息。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">它是一條從山上下來的河流,人們一段一段地在河流中建造了漫水壩,把河水攔成了一截一截。在漫水壩上有著平穩(wěn)的水面,壩下河水如小瀑布一樣沖刷下來。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 在這里拍照位置不錯,橋和橋下的河水,以背后的古城和阿拉伯人留下的王宮作背景,天空、水流、草坡、山崖、石橋和石頭城堡,一氣呵成。</font></span></font></span></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 《西班牙旅行筆記》</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">曾提到第一個在托雷多建立京城的西哥特人的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">西班牙國王,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">就</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">把自己女兒當作政治交易</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">出嫁今天的法國境內(nèi)</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">這位西班牙公主凄凄慘慘戚戚地跨出托雷多的城門、跨過</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">塔霍河,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">翻越千山萬水,最后嫁到當時的法蘭克王國。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 此橋正是一千年前那位西哥特人的公主</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">和她馱著</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">嫁妝</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">的</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">車馬,最后走過</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">這</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">座橋,</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">回望背后的家鄉(xiāng)。</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">此橋之后,再不是托萊多,再不是故鄉(xiāng)。書上如此</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">地</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">描述,讓這座橋</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">便</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">有了歷史的厚重感。</font></span></font></span></font></p> <p style="margin: 0pt;"><font color="#000000"><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體"> 伴</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">隨</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">著西沉的太陽,我們</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">仿佛亦</font></span><span style='font-family: 宋體; font-size: 15pt; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 1.0000pt;'><font face="宋體">隨著菲利普二世一般離開托萊多前往馬德里。</font></span></font></p>