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小樂老師

PASSAGE1Europeans have long aspired to end American dominance as the world's economic leader. The single market and the euro are widely seen as essential steps in this direction. But is Europe ready to lead? Do Europeans understand what it would take?Despite a budding recovery, the United States is hardly the model of economic health that it once was. On several issues—from steel tariffs to the resurgent deficit to shady corporate practices—America has demonstrated a growing failure of leadership. Over the past two decades the United States has shown what it takes to be an economic superpower—a strong currency, openness to imports, concessions in trade negotiations and articulating an economic philosophy for the rest of the world. Now that it's apparently fading of so many counts, the question becomes: Is Europe willing and prepared to do what the United States once did, in order to supplant it?First the exchange-rate issue. The euro will probably continue strengthening against the dollar, if only because of America's huge and growing $400 billion-a-year current-account deficit. This means that, every year, the United States borrows about 4 percent of its GDP in world markets. If international investors lose confidence in the US economy, fewer people will want to hold dollar assets. The dollar will fall and the euro will appreciate.This may be a normal market cycle, but there will be consequences. Among others, European companies will see their US profits erode. What happens if the dollar falls farther and faster than anticipated? Are European industrial companies ready to compete with a euro worth $1.10, $1.15 or $1.25? The flip side of the much-desired strong euro would almost certainly be a surge in imports from the United States and the rest of the world. Exports might fall, resulting in job losses—perhaps even a trade deficit for the European Union.Europeans are rightfully angry at new US steel tariffs. But given the sheer size of America's trade deficit, Washington's policies are actually relatively moderate. The question remains: if Europe were in similar position, would its voters and politicians be equally sensitive to what's best for the global economy? Would European politicians be able to face the incredible pressures that would build for protectionist measures if it were Europe, and not the United States, that ran a persistent trade deficit? Not likely, I fear.American's retreat from its leading role presents an opportunity for the European Union. Trouble is, its political institutions have yet to mature to point where they can resolve trade disputes, say, by looking beyond the immediate and narrow self-interest of its member states.Europe's change for economic leadership may come sooner than expected. But too many Europeans haven't yet grasped the basic secret of America's leadership—the hard work and tough choices that are involved. That's what Europeans now face, in this season of elections and decision making that will shape their future. Let's hope they reorganize that such sacrifices will pay off for them, as well as for the rest of the world.26.Which of the following fails to show America's retreat from its world leading position?A) The new steel tariffs.B) The large size of trade deficit.C) The dishonest corporations.D) The open market to imports. 正確答案為 D 解析：問哪一項不是美國退出世界領導地位的原因，通過排除法可知，D項是美國能夠成為經(jīng)濟超級大國所具備的條件之一，應為正確答案。27.One of the reasons that accounts for the continual appreciation of the euro against the dollar are ________ .A) the international investor's loss of confidence in the US economyB) Europe's willingness and preparation to surpass the USC) America's huge current-account deficitD) the shrinking of the world market 正確答案為 C 解析：題干上的關鍵信息是appreciation of the euro，答案在第三段，歐元對美元的持續(xù)堅挺，是因為美國每年往來賬目的赤字。28.It can be inferred that ________ .A) the most direct consequence Europe encounters when the dollar falls dramatically will be unemploymentB) the surge in imports from the US and the rest of the world will benefit European industrial companiesC) the new steel tariffs are one of the protectionist measures taken by American government due to its large trade deficitD) EU will also be able to take such policy as steel tariffs when it is in trade deficit 正確答案為 C 解析：推斷幾個選項的信息哪個正確，由排除法判斷。第四段最后兩句可知A錯誤，直接影響應該是出口的降低。同時可排除B，因為來自美國和世界各地進口的激增會給歐盟帶來赤字。由第五段可知歐洲政治家不可能采取保護主義政策，排除D，同時可知C項正確，即美國實施的鋼材進口關稅是其采取保護主義政策。29.According to the author, who will play a decisive role in European Union's economic leadership?A) Its political institutions.B) Its member state.C) Its voters.D) Its companies. 正確答案為 A 解析：根據(jù)最后兩段可知，歐盟的政治體制是其獲取經(jīng)濟領導權(quán)的關鍵。30.The author's attitude towards Europe's replacement of America as the world economic leader is ________ .A) cautiously optimisticB) rather indifferentC) somewhat cynicalD) extremely unsatisfied ?正確答案為 A 解析：推斷作者對歐盟取代美國成為經(jīng)濟領袖的態(tài)度，作者的態(tài)度由第五段開始到文章結(jié)尾得以體現(xiàn)，認為歐洲獲取經(jīng)濟領導權(quán)的機遇可能較快，但其政治體制需要進一步完善。

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小樂老師