<p class="ql-block"> 唐代詩(shī)人李白的詩(shī)作《靜夜思》成了千古絕唱，詩(shī)中沒(méi)有奇特新穎的想象，沒(méi)有精工華美的辭藻，只是用敘述的語(yǔ)氣，寫(xiě)遠(yuǎn)客思鄉(xiāng)之情，然而它卻意味深長(zhǎng)，耐人尋繹，千百年來(lái)，如此廣泛地吸引著讀者。</p><p class="ql-block"> 把《靜夜思》翻譯成英文，該是什么樣的？</p><p class="ql-block"> 再由英文翻譯成中文，又會(huì)是什么樣的？摘了24首英文的《靜夜思》，譯成中文，來(lái)的時(shí)候說(shuō)好的，怎么回不去了......</p><p class="ql-block"> 挺有意思的。</p> 【譯文 1】 In the Still of the Night<br>I descry bright moonlight in front of my bed.<br>I suspect it to be hoary frost on the floor.<br>I watch the bright moon, as I tilt back I my head.<br>I yearn, while stooping, for my homeland more.<br>（徐忠杰譯,38 words)<br><div>夜深人靜<br>我在床前看到明亮的月光。<br>我懷疑地板上是白霜。<br>我仰頭望著明月。<br>我彎腰時(shí)更渴望我的祖國(guó)。<br></div> 【譯文 2】 A Tranquil Night<br>Before my bed I see I a silver light,<br>I think the ground is covered with hoar frost.<br>Raising my head, I find the full moon bright;<br>And bowing down, in thoughts of home I’m lost.<br>（許淵沖譯,35 words)<br><div>寧?kù)o的夜晚<br>在我的床前，我看到一盞銀色的燈，<br>我想地面上覆蓋著白霜。<br>抬起頭，我發(fā)現(xiàn)滿月是明亮的；<br>鞠躬致意，思念家鄉(xiāng)，我迷失了方向。<br></div> 【譯文 3】 A Tranquil Night<br>Abed, I see a silver light,<br>wonder if it's frost aground.<br>Looking up, I find the moon bright;<br>Bowing, in homesickness I'm drowned.<br>（許淵沖 譯,24 words)<br><div>寧?kù)o的夜晚<br>一張床，我看到一盞銀色的燈，<br>不知道是不是霜凍擱淺了。<br>抬頭望去，我發(fā)現(xiàn)月亮很明亮；<br>鞠躬，在鄉(xiāng)愁中我被淹死了<br></div> 【譯文 4】A Tranquil Night<br>Before my bed a pool of light<br>Oh, can it be frost on the ground?<br>Looking up, I find the moon bright;<br>Bowing, in homesickness I'm drowned.<div>（許淵沖譯,27 words)<br><div>寧?kù)o的夜晚<br>我的床前有一池光<br>哦，地面上會(huì)結(jié)霜嗎？<br>抬頭望去，我發(fā)現(xiàn)月亮很明亮；<br>鞠躬，在鄉(xiāng)愁中我被淹死了。<br></div></div> 【譯文 5】 In the Quiet Night<br>So bright a gleam on the foot of my bed —<br>Could there have been a frost already?<br>Lifting my head to look, I found that it was moonlight.<br>Sinking back again, I thought suddenly of home.<br>(Tr. by Witter Bynner, 37 wonds)<br><div>在寧?kù)o的夜晚<br>我的床腳上閃爍著如此明亮的光芒-<br>可能已經(jīng)有霜了嗎？<br>我抬起頭去看，發(fā)現(xiàn)是月光。<br>再次下沉，我突然想起了家。<br></div> 【譯文 6】 Night Thoughts<br>I wake, and moonbeams play around my bed.<br>Glittering like hoar-frost to my wandering eyes;<br>Up towards the glorious moon I raise my head,<br>Then lay me down — and thoughts of home arise.<br>(Tr. by Herbert A. Giles, 34 words)<br><div>夜思<br>我醒來(lái)，月光在我的床上嬉戲。<br>在我游蕩的眼睛里閃爍著白霜般的光芒；<br>我抬起頭，向著燦爛的月亮，<br>然后讓我躺下，思鄉(xiāng)之情油然而生。<br></div> 【譯文 7】 On a Quiet Night<br>I saw the moonlight before my couch,<br>And wondered if it were not the frost on the ground.<br>I raised my head and looked out on the mountain moon,<br>I bowed my head and thought of my far-off home.<br>(Tr. by S. Obata, 39 words)<div>在一個(gè)安靜的夜晚<br>我看到沙發(fā)前的月光，<br>不知道是不是地上的霜。<br>我抬起頭望著山上的月亮，<br>我低下頭，想起了我遙遠(yuǎn)的家。<br><div><br></div></div> 【譯文8】 The Moon Shines Everywhere<br>Seeing the Moon before my couch so bright,<br>I thought hoar frost had fallen from the night.<br>On her clear face gaze with lifted eyes:<br>Then hide them full of Youth's sweet memories.<br>(Tr. by W. J. B. Fletcher, 34 words)<br><div>到處都是明月<br>看到我沙發(fā)前的月亮如此明亮，<br>我以為白霜是從夜里降下來(lái)的。<br>在她清澈的臉上抬起眼睛凝視：<br>然后把青春的美好回憶藏起來(lái)。<br></div> 【譯文 9】 Night Thoughts<br>In front of my bed the moonlight is very bright.<br>I wonder if that can be frost on the floor?<br>I lift up my head and look at the full moon, the dazzling moon.<br>I drop my head, and think of the home of old days.<br>(Tr. by Amy Lowell, 46 words)<br><div>夜思<br>我床前的月光非常明亮。<br>我想知道那是不是地板上的霜？<br>我抬起頭，看著滿月，那耀眼的月亮。<br>我低下頭，想起過(guò)去的家。<br></div> 【譯文10】Thoughts in a Tranquil Night<br>Athwart the bed<br>I watch the moonbeams cast a trail<br>So bright, so cold, so frail,<br>That for a space it gleams<br>Like hoar-frost on the margin of my dreams.<br>I raise my head,<br>The splendid moon I see:<br>Then droop my head,<br>And sink to dreams of thee —<br>My fatherland, of thee!<br>(Tr. by L. Granmer-Byng, <b>55</b> words，<b>用單詞最多的譯文</b>)<br><div>靜夜思緒<br>橫著床<br>我看著月光留下的痕跡<br>那么明亮，那么寒冷，那么脆弱，<br>它在一個(gè)空間里閃閃發(fā)光<br>就像白霜在我夢(mèng)的邊緣。<br>我抬起頭，<br>我看到的燦爛的月亮：<br>然后垂下頭，<br>沉入你的夢(mèng)中-<br>我的祖國(guó)，為了你！<br></div> 【譯文 11】Nostalgia<br>A splash of white on my bedroom floor. Hoarfrost?<br>I raise my eyes lo the moon, the same moon.<br>As scenes long past come to mind, my eyes fall again on the splash of white, and my heart aches for home.<br>（翁顯良 譯,41 words)<div>懷舊<br>我臥室的地板上濺起了白色的水花。白霜？<br>我抬起眼睛看著月亮，同樣的月亮。<br>當(dāng)我想起往昔的情景時(shí)，我的眼睛再次落在白色的水花上，我的心為家而痛。<br><div><br></div></div> 【譯文12】 Night Meditation<br>In front of my bed flooded with moonbeam,<br>I mistook for frost appears on the floor;<br>Lifting my head trying to watch the moon,<br>I drooped again for missing our hometown.<br>（林健民譯，31 words)<br><div>夜間冥想<br>在我被月光淹沒(méi)的床前，<br>我誤以為地板上有霜；<br>抬起頭想看月亮，<br>我又因?yàn)橄肽罴亦l(xiāng)而垂頭喪氣。<br></div> 【譯文13】 Moonlit Night<br>Over my bed the moonlight streams,<br>making it look like frost-covered ground; <br>lifting my head I see the brightness, then dropping it,<br>and I filled with thoughts of home.<br>(Tr. by Rewi Alley, 29 words]<br><div>月夜<br>月光從我的床上流過(guò)，<br>讓它看起來(lái)像霜凍覆蓋的地面；<br>抬起頭，我看到了光明，然后放下它，<br>我充滿了對(duì)家的思念。<br></div> 【譯文14】 Quiet Night Thoughts<br>Before my bed<br>There is bright moonlight<br>So that it seems<br>Like frost on the ground;<br>Lifting my head<br>I watch the bright moon,<br>Lowering my head,<br>I dream that I'm home.<br>(Tr. by Arthur Cooper, 32 words)<br><div>靜夜思緒<br>在我睡前<br>月光明媚<br>看來(lái)<br>就像地上的霜；<br>抬起頭<br>我看著明月，<br>低下頭，<br>我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)我在家。<br></div> 【譯文15】 Thoughts on a Silent Night<br>A gleam of light streams down over my bed,<br>I wonder if it's the frost on the ground.<br>Raising my eyes, 1 gaze at the bright moon,<br>Lowering my head, I miss my hometown.<br>（黃新渠譯，34 words)<br><div>靜夜的思緒<br>一道亮光從我的床上瀉下，<br>我不知道是不是地上的霜。<br>舉目凝望明月，<br>低下頭，我想念我的家鄉(xiāng)。<br></div> 【譯文 16】 Thoughts in a Still Night<br>The luminous moonshine before my bed,<br>Is thought to be the frost fallen on the gro und.<br>I lift my head to gaze at the cliff moon,<br>And then bow down to muse on my distant home.<br>(孫大雨 澤,36 words)<br><div>靜夜中的思緒<br>我睡前明亮的月光，<br>被認(rèn)為是落在地面上的霜。<br>我抬起頭凝視峭壁上的月亮，<br>然后在我遙遠(yuǎn)的家鄉(xiāng)向繆斯鞠躬。<br></div> 【譯文17】<br>Before my bed the silver moonbeams spread<br>I wonder if it is the frost upon the ground.<br>I see the moon so bright when raising my head,<br>Withdrawing my eyes my nostaglia comes around.<br>（屠笛、屠岸譯,34 words)<br><div>在我的床前，銀色的月光散開(kāi)了<br>我不知道是不是地上的霜。<br>我抬頭時(shí)看到月亮如此明亮，<br>收回我的眼睛，我的鄉(xiāng)愁便蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)。<br></div> 【譯文18】Quite Night Thoughts<br>Moonlight before my bed,<br>Could it be frost instead?<br>I Head up, I watch the moon,<br>Head down, I think of home.<br>（趙甄陶譯,<b>21</b> words<b>，用單詞最少的譯文</b>)<br><div>靜夜思緒<br>床前的月光，<br>會(huì)是霜凍嗎？<br>我抬頭看月亮，<br>頭朝下，我想起了家。<br></div> 【譯文19】<br>Before my bed the moon gleams bright,<br>And frosts the floor with a hoary light.<br>My eyes to the fair moon o'erhead roam —<br>Head bent, I'm lost in dreams of home.<br><div>（馬紅軍譯,31 words)<br></div><div>床前明月閃爍，<br>白光把地板蒙上了一層霜。<br>我的眼睛游蕩在美麗的月亮上-<br>低著頭，我迷失在家的夢(mèng)想中。<br></div> 【譯文 20】 Still Night's Muse<br>A front the bed the Luna beams bright,<br>Wearing a look of seemingly rime white.<br>Eyes up cast toward the Luna,<br>Eyes downcast, engenders my nostalgia.<br>（黃龍譯，24 words)<br><div>靜夜的繆斯<br>床前的露娜光芒四射，<br>穿著看起來(lái)像霜白色的衣服。<br>抬頭看著月亮，<br>目光低垂，引發(fā)我的懷舊。<br></div> 【譯文 21】 Still Night Thoughts<br>Moonlight in front of my bed —<br>I took t for frost on the ground!<br>I lift my eyes to watch the mountain moon,<br>Lower them and dream of home.<br>（原譯者不詳，29 words)<br><div>靜夜思緒<br>床前的月光-<br>我以為地上有霜！<br>我抬起眼睛看著山上的月亮，<br>放下它們，夢(mèng)想回家。<br></div> 【譯文 22】A Tranquil Night<br>Before my bed a frost of light<br>Is it hoarfrost upon the ground<br>Eyes raised, I see the moon so bright<br>Head bent, in homesickness I'm drowned<br>（原譯者不詳，30 words)<br><div>寧?kù)o的夜晚<br>我的床前是一片薄霧<br>是地面上的白霜嗎<br>抬起眼睛，我看到月亮如此明亮<br>低著頭，在鄉(xiāng)愁中我被淹死了<br></div> 【譯文 23】 Thoughts in the Silent Night<br>Beside my bed a pool of light<br>Is it hoarfrost on the ground?<br>I lift my eyes and see the moon,<br>I bend my head and think of home.<br>（原譯者不詳，34words)<br><div>靜夜中的思緒<br>我的床邊有一池光<br>地上是白霜嗎？<br>我抬起眼睛看到月亮，<br>我低下頭，想著家。<br></div> 【譯文 24】<br>Before my bed<br>There is bright moonlight.<br>So that is seems<br>Like frost on the ground.<br>Lifting my head<br>I watch the bright moon.<br>Lowering my head I dream that I'm home<br>（原譯者不詳，32 words)<br><div>在我睡前<br>月光明媚。<br>看來(lái)這是真的<br>就像地上的霜。<br>抬起頭<br>我看著明月。<br>低下頭，我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)我回家了。</div> 上述24個(gè)譯文摘選自高等教育出版社出版的《漢英翻譯基礎(chǔ)教程》 英譯漢通過(guò)“百度翻譯”完成，未做加工，只對(duì)個(gè)別單詞進(jìn)行了修正。本文無(wú)意對(duì)英譯漢的機(jī)器翻譯說(shuō)三道四，只是生活中的一味調(diào)料，一樂(lè)而已。 翻譯是在準(zhǔn)確（信）、通順（達(dá)）、優(yōu)美（雅）的基礎(chǔ)上，把一種語(yǔ)言信息轉(zhuǎn)變成另一種語(yǔ)言信息的行為。“翻”是指的這兩種語(yǔ)言的轉(zhuǎn)換，即先把一句甲語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為一句乙語(yǔ)，然后再把一句乙語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為甲語(yǔ)；“譯”是指這兩種語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換的過(guò)程，把甲語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成乙語(yǔ)，在譯成當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言文字的過(guò)程中，進(jìn)而明白乙語(yǔ)的含義。<br> 二者構(gòu)成了一般意義上的翻譯。<div> 而“詩(shī)”的翻譯一直爭(zhēng)論頗大，“詩(shī)歌是不可譯的”論至今猶聞。翻譯是遺憾的藝術(shù)。</div> 24個(gè)譯文都很好，譯者從自己的感受出發(fā)，體驗(yàn)者先人的境界，這本身就是一種境界?！鞍俣确g”也挺好，讓我們看到了英譯漢后的另一種境界。 譯文18趙甄陶的英譯只要21個(gè)單詞， 最多的是第10個(gè)譯文，55個(gè)單詞。 疫情期間，放下手機(jī)，看看閑書(shū)，班門(mén)弄斧，也是一種境界：自?shī)首詷?lè)！