<p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;"><u> 敵我之間和人民內部這兩類矛盾的性質不同，解決的方法也不同，簡單地說起來，前者是分清敵我的問題，后者是分清是非的問題。當然，敵我問題也是一種是非問題。比如我們同帝國主義、封建主義、官僚資本主義這些內外反動派，究竟誰是誰非，也是是非問題，但是這是和人民內部問題性質不同的另一類是非問題。</u></b></p><p class="ql-block">?</p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;">? Since they are different in nature, the contradictions between ourselves and the enemy and the contradictions among the people must be resolved by different methods. To put it briefly, the former are a matter of drawing a clear distinction between ourselves and the enemy, and the latter a matter of drawing a clear distinction between right and wrong. It is, of course, true that the distinction between ourselves and the enemy is also a matter of right and wrong. For example, the question of who is in the right, we or the domestic and foreign reactionaries, the imperialists, the feudalists and bureaucrat- capitalists, is also a matter of right and wrong, but it is in a different category from questions of right and wrong among the people.</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;"><u> 凡屬于思想性質的問題，凡屬于人民內部的爭論問題，只能用民主的方法去解決，只能用討論的方法、批評的方法、說服教育的方法去解決，而不能用強制的、壓服的方法去解決。</u></b></p><p class="ql-block">?</p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;">? The only way to settle questions of an ideological nature or controversial issues among the people is by the democratic method, the method of discussion, of criticism, of persuasion and education, and not by the method of coercion or repression.</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;"><u> 人民為了有效地進行生產(chǎn)、進行學習和有秩序地過生活，要求自己的政府、生產(chǎn)的領導者、文化教育機關的領導者發(fā)布各種適當?shù)膸娭菩缘男姓?。沒有這種行政命令，社會秩序就無法維持，這是人們的常識所了解的。這同用說服教育的方法去解決人民內部的矛盾，是相輔相成的兩個方面。為著維持社會秩序的目的而發(fā)布的行政命令，也要伴之以說服教育，單靠行政命令，在許多情況下就行不通。</u></b></p><p class="ql-block">?</p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;">? To be able to carry on their production and studies effectively and to arrange their lives properly, the people want their government and those in charge of production and of cultural and educational organizations to issue appropriate orders of an obligatory nature. It is common sense that the maintenance of public order would be impossible without such administrative regulations. Administrative orders and the method of persuasion and education complement each other in resolving contradictions among the people. Even administrative regulations for the maintenance of public order must be accompanied by persuasion and education, for in many cases regulations alone will not work.</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;"><u> 資產(chǎn)階級、小資產(chǎn)階級，他們的思想意識是一定要反映出來的。一定要在政治問題和思想問題上，用各種辦法頑強地表現(xiàn)他們自己。要他們不反映不表現(xiàn)，是不可能的。我們不應當用壓制的辦法不讓他們表現(xiàn)，而應當讓他們表現(xiàn)，同時在他們表現(xiàn)的時候，和他們辯論，進行適當?shù)呐u。毫無疑問，我們應當批評各種各樣的錯誤思想。不加批評，看著錯誤思想到處泛濫，任憑它們去占領市場，當然不行。有錯誤就得批判，有毒草就得進行斗爭。但是這種批評不應當是教條主義的，不應當用形而上學方法，應當力求用辯證方法。要有科學的分析，要有充分的說服力。</u></b></p><p class="ql-block">?</p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;">? Inevitably, the bourgeoisie and petty bourgeoisie will give expression to their own ideologies. Inevitably, they will stubbornly express themselves on political and ideological questions by every possible means. You cannot expect them to do otherwise. We should not use the method of suppression and prevent them from expressing themselves, but should allow them to do so and at the same time argue with them and direct appropriate criticism at them. We must undoubtedly criticize wrong ideas of every description. It certainly would not be right to refrain from criticism, look on while wrong ideas spread unchecked and allow them to monopolize the field. Mistakes must be criticized and poisonous weeds fought wherever they crop up. However, such criticism should not be dogmatic, and the metaphysical method should not be used, but efforts should be made to apply the dialectical method. What is needed is scientific analysis and convincing argument.</b></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;"><u> 對于人民的缺點是需要批評的，……但必須是真正站在人民的立場上，用保護人民、教育人民的滿腔熱情來說話。如果把同志當作敵人來對待，就是使自己站在敵人的立場上去了。</u></b></p><p class="ql-block">?</p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:20px;">? To criticize the people's shortcomings is necessary,… but in doing so we must truly take the stand of the people and speak out of whole-hearted eagerness to protect and educate them. To treat comrades like enemies is to go over to the stand of the enemy.</b></p>