<h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體"></font></span></b><br></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體"></font></span></b><br></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">仲春月日常習(xí)俗</font></span></b></h1><p align="center" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"> </font></span></b></p><p align="center" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">（二月）</font></span></b></p><p align="center" style="margin: 0pt; text-align: center;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span></b><br></p><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"> </font></span></b></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><b><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"> </font></span></b></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">中國人對每個(gè)季節(jié)的三個(gè)月，利用</font><font face="楷體">“孟、仲、季”三個(gè)漢字來排列。</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">春季一、二、三月為孟春、仲春、季春。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">夏季四、五、六月為孟夏、仲夏、季夏。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">秋季七、八、九月為孟秋、仲秋、季秋。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">冬季十、十一、十二為孟冬、仲冬、季冬<span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">。</font></span></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'></span></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">二月為仲春。新春已過，社會(huì)生活走入正常。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">（一）</font></span></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">學(xué)校在二月份開學(xué)，學(xué)生要上課了。開學(xué)時(shí)間一般為</font><font face="楷體">“二月二”?！兜劬q時(shí)紀(jì)勝》中記有：“二日為龍?zhí)ь^日”，“小兒輩懶學(xué)，是日始進(jìn)書房，曰占鰲頭。”</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">“鰲”指的是大海中一種大龜。據(jù)說皇帝的金鑾寶殿前的石階，刻有鰲的頭，只有考中狀元的人才可以踩在上面接受皇榜。所以中國傳統(tǒng)的喜慶文化中，有“獨(dú)占鰲頭”的說法。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">關(guān)于開學(xué)之日還有一種說法。那就是與官府的</font><font face="楷體">“開印”為同一天。《北京歲時(shí)記》上記有：正月十九日，官府衙門開印，同時(shí)“各學(xué)開館?！?lt;/font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">（二）</font></span></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">舊時(shí)老北京民間有一種民間組織。名</font><font face="楷體">“惜字會(huì)”</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">“惜字會(huì)”是舊時(shí)民間自發(fā)成立的，倡導(dǎo)尊孔尚儒、愛惜字紙的會(huì)社組織?！兜劬q時(shí)紀(jì)勝》記有：“惜字會(huì)。香會(huì)，春秋仲月極勝，惟惜字文昌會(huì)為最。俱于文昌祠、精忠廟、金陵莊、梨園館及各省鄉(xiāng)祠，獻(xiàn)供演戲，動(dòng)聚千人?！?lt;/font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">從這段文字記錄中可以看出，當(dāng)年老北京城里此風(fēng)俗極盛。惜字會(huì)在仲春月（二月）、仲秋月（八月）都要在文昌祠、精忠廟、金陵莊、梨園館及各省鄉(xiāng)祠中舉辦</font><font face="楷體">“惜字會(huì)”的活動(dòng)，“獻(xiàn)供演戲”，參加的人也很多，“動(dòng)聚千人”。</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">中國人自古以來就一直受到</font><font face="楷體">“惜字愛紙”的教育。凡是上面有字的紙張必須愛惜。有些城市中的廟宇、街道上設(shè)有“焚紙爐”。各家各戶用過的廢紙都要收集起來，到焚紙爐中焚燒，以示對文字紙張的尊崇。老北京人經(jīng)常會(huì)教育孩子，必須珍惜紙張，包括有字的廢紙，都不允許臟污。學(xué)校中也擺放“字紙簍”，廢紙統(tǒng)一處理。</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">現(xiàn)在這一尊孔尚儒、愛惜字紙，減少浪費(fèi)的習(xí)俗，很少有人提倡了。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">（三）</font></span></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">舊時(shí)北京人的住家環(huán)境較寬敞，天氣暖和了，各家各戶都會(huì)養(yǎng)上幾只雞。老北京當(dāng)時(shí)的水系很發(fā)達(dá)，沿城四周都有護(hù)城河，在護(hù)城河附近居住的人家還會(huì)養(yǎng)幾只鴨子。開春時(shí)，正是養(yǎng)雛雞雛鴨的季節(jié)。為搶商機(jī)，各個(gè)雞鴨房搞人工孵化，很多雞販鴨販則沿街叫賣。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">《北京歲時(shí)記》中記有：</font><font face="楷體">“二月底，便有販雞鴨雛者。皆人力育之，或謂置卵糠中以熱炕暖炮出者?！薄堆嗑q時(shí)記》中記有：“賣小油雞、小鴨子。二月下旬，則有販乳雞、乳鴨者，沿街吆賣，生意盎然。”</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">老北京還有專門養(yǎng)雞鴨的</font><font face="楷體">“雞鴨房”《燕京歲時(shí)記》中記有：“蓋京師繁盛，雞鴨之屬日須數(shù)萬只，是皆以人力育之，非自乳也。執(zhí)此業(yè)者名曰雞鴨房，在齊化門、東直門一帶。”</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">“齊化門”就是朝陽門。</font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000" face="楷體">（四）</font></span></h1><h1 align="center" style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt 0em; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">《燕京雜記》中記有：</font><font face="楷體">“京師二月掏溝，道路不通車馬， 臭氣四達(dá)，人多佩大黃、蒼術(shù)以避之”。</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">根據(jù)一些舊時(shí)記載，當(dāng)年老北京的排污系統(tǒng)不暢，道路下雨掉泥，起風(fēng)揚(yáng)塵?！侗本┘o(jì)聞》上記有：冬春</font><font face="楷體">“積雪皆融，以致滿街泥淖，幾無處插足?！本熝瞄T每年二月份，組織人力，在北京城里大修排水、排污系統(tǒng)。</font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">此習(xí)俗也有記為三月份的。《麉澞（</font><font face="楷體">jiɑn yú）薈錄》中記有：“京師三月開溝，行者甚苦?！?lt;/font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">舊時(shí)老北京私宅中有廁所，但街面上沒有公共廁所，很多人都不避人，就地解決，就連鬧市區(qū)也是如此。《北夢錄》中還記有：</font><font face="楷體">“相傳大柵欄之同仁堂門前即為路人聚而便溺之所，主人惑于堪輿家言，謂其地為百鳥朝鳳，生意興隆，全系于此，竟不以為忤云?！?lt;/font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"><font face="楷體">據(jù)說自庚子年后，北京城開始注意排污問題?！侗眽翡洝分杏浻?lt;/font><font face="楷體">“庚子以后，始漸修馬路”。《北京志》中記載：“宣統(tǒng)三年（1911）”，北京城區(qū)僅有“官設(shè)公廁三座，私設(shè)公廁五座”，合計(jì)八座。因?yàn)楣倜┓刻?，而且還收錢，所以北京人仍然習(xí)慣在街邊的溝中、空地上大小便?！堆嗑╇s記》中記有：“京師溷藩（廁所），入者必酬以一錢，故當(dāng)?shù)乐?，人率便溺，婦女輩復(fù)傾溺器于當(dāng)衢?！?lt;/font></font></span></h1><h1 style="margin: 7.85pt 0pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left; line-height: 16pt; -ms-text-autospace: ideograph-numeric; mso-para-margin-top: 0.5000gd; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-line-height-rule: exactly; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0000;"><span style='font-family: 楷體; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; mso-spacerun: "yes"; mso-font-kerning: 0.0000pt;'><font color="#000000"></font></span><br></h1>