<p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Talking about the benefits of sleeping.</b></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Jake</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： 6 Minute English from BBC learning English .com. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">來自BBC英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)的《一分鐘英語》。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">：Hello. This is six minute English from BBC learning English. I'm Georgie and we're ready to start Phil. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">你好，這里是BBC英語學(xué)習(xí)頻道的《六分鐘英語》。我是喬治，我們已準(zhǔn)備就緒，菲爾。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">：Sorry Georgie, I was just catching 40 winks. You know, getting some shut eye dozing taking a nap. I was sleeping. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">抱歉喬治，我剛才打了個盹。你知道的，就是瞇一會兒、合眼小憩、打個瞌睡。我剛才在睡覺。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">：Sleeping at work, Phil, how could you? </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">菲爾，你怎么能在上班時間睡覺？</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">：I know, I know. Sorry I. I didn't sleep well last night. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">我知道，我知道。抱歉，我昨晚沒睡好。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： I'll forgive you this time, but make sure you go to bed early tonight, because getting a good night's sleep is incredibly important. For example, did you know that people who get enough sleep live about five years longer than people who don't? </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">這次就原諒你了，但你今晚一定要早點(diǎn)睡，因?yàn)樗瘋€好覺真的特別重要。比如你知道嗎，睡眠充足的人平均壽命比睡眠不足的人要長大約五年呢。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： So a good night's sleep can lengthen your life in this program. We'll be finding out more about the benefits of sleep and, as usual, learning some useful new vocabulary as well. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">良好的睡眠能延年益壽。本期節(jié)目將深入解析睡眠的益處，并照例為大家?guī)韺?shí)用的新詞匯。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： But first, now that you've woken up, I have a question for you. Do you know how much of the average person's life is spent asleep? Is it a a half B, a quarter or C a third? </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">首先，既然你已經(jīng)醒了，我有個問題想問你。你知道普通人一生中有多少時間是在睡眠中度過的嗎？是二分之一、四分之一，還是三分之一？</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Hm, I think we spend about a third of our lives sleeping. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">我們一生中大約有三分之一的時間在睡眠中度過。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Ok, well, I'll reveal the correct answer at the end of the program. The question of why humans sleep is not easy to answer in terms of evolution. Why would it make sense to go unconscious every night, leaving yourself vulnerable to danger? It can only mean that the benefits gained from sleep are huge here. Science journalist Ginny Smith explains some of these benefits to Bbc Radio Four program inside Science. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">好的，節(jié)目最后我會揭曉正確答案。從進(jìn)化角度看，為什么人類需要睡覺這個問題并不容易回答。每晚讓自己失去意識、陷入易受攻擊的狀態(tài)，這有什么意義呢？這只能說明，睡眠帶來的益處是巨大的?？茖W(xué)記者金妮?史密斯在BBC廣播四臺的《科學(xué)內(nèi)幕》節(jié)目中，解釋了其中的一些益處。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Ginny Smith</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： So we've probably all experienced this that if you've had a bad night's sleep and then you try and do some work, you just can't concentrate. Your brain isn't in the right state to take in new information, but we also need to sleep after we've learnt new things, because that's when our brain consolidates the information, takes it from short term storage to long term storage, fits it in with other things we already know that old adage of. If you've got a problem, sleep on it. Your brain does actually work on things during the night, and you can often wake up and have solved the problem in your sleep. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">我們大概都有過這樣的體驗(yàn)：如果前一晚沒睡好，第二天試圖工作時，注意力就難以集中。大腦無法進(jìn)入接收新信息的最佳狀態(tài)。但我們在學(xué)習(xí)新知識后同樣需要睡眠，因?yàn)樗咂陂g大腦會鞏固記憶——將信息從短期存儲轉(zhuǎn)移到長期存儲，并與已有知識體系相融合。正如那句老話所說：遇到難題，不妨“睡一覺再說”。大腦確實(shí)會在夜間處理信息，很多人醒來時，往往已在睡夢中找到了問題的解決方案。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： When we sleep, our brains refresh, leaving us feeling rested in the morning. But after a bad night's sleep, it's more difficult to concentrate. We can't take in or understand new information. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">睡眠時，大腦會進(jìn)行自我修復(fù)，讓我們在清晨醒來時感到精力充沛。但如果夜間睡眠質(zhì)量不佳，我們的注意力便會難以集中，吸收和理解新信息的能力也會隨之下降。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： We also have the saying, if you've got a problem, sleep on it to sleep on. It means to delay making a decision until you've had time to think about it, but that also turns out to be true. Scientifically speaking, during sleep, your brain really can work out problems and find solutions. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">我們還有句俗語，遇到難題先睡一覺。意思是做決定前先花時間思考，但這句話確實(shí)有科學(xué)依據(jù)。從科學(xué)角度講，睡眠期間大腦確實(shí)能處理問題并找到解決方案。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： But what about the other side of the story? What happens when you get too little sleep or none at all? Here's Ginny Smith again talking to Bbc Radio Four program Inside Science. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">那么，故事的另一面呢？當(dāng)你睡眠不足或徹夜未眠時，會發(fā)生什么？吉妮?史密斯再次在英國廣播公司第四電臺的《科學(xué)內(nèi)幕》節(jié)目中為我們解答。</span></p> <p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Ginny Smith</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Sleep deprivation is a form of stress, and we know that when you are stressed, your sort of fight or flight response is activated, and that causes all these changes in your body that focus on immediate survival over long term health, but if we are chronically stressed, money worries or a stressful job or something that's going to live forever or lifelong. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">睡眠不足是一種壓力形式。我們知道，當(dāng)人處于壓力狀態(tài)下，身體的"戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑"反應(yīng)會被激活，這會導(dǎo)致身體發(fā)生一系列改變，將重心從長期健康轉(zhuǎn)向即時生存。但如果我們長期處于壓力之下——無論是經(jīng)濟(jì)困擾、高壓工作，還是其他持續(xù)存在的壓力源——這種狀態(tài)就會成為常態(tài)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Life forever or life like in general. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">生命永恒，抑或生命常態(tài)。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Ginny Smith</b><span style="font-size:22px;">：Chronic sleep deprivation that's causing that level of stress. Then you might constantly have a damped down immune system, which can then lead to all these knock on problems. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">長期睡眠不足會導(dǎo)致那種程度的壓力。這可能會讓你的免疫系統(tǒng)持續(xù)處于抑制狀態(tài)，進(jìn)而引發(fā)一系列連鎖問題。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Having none or too little of something important is known as deprivation. Sleep deprivation is stressful for the body, so stressful that it activates a fight or flight response, changes in the human body in response to a life threatening situation which make us either stay and fight the threat or run away from it. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">缺乏或嚴(yán)重不足某種重要事物被稱為剝奪。睡眠剝奪對身體來說是一種壓力，其程度之重足以觸發(fā)戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)——這是人體在面對生命威脅時產(chǎn)生的生理變化，促使我們選擇對抗威脅或逃離險境。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： As well as a fight or flight response, the stress of not getting enough sleep over a longer period also creates problems including heart disease and a weakened immune system. Lack of sleep has these knock on effects. It causes other things to happen, but not directly. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">除了引發(fā)戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應(yīng)，長期睡眠不足的壓力還會導(dǎo)致心臟病和免疫系統(tǒng)減弱等問題。睡眠不足會產(chǎn)生這些連鎖效應(yīng)，間接引發(fā)其他問題。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Now, do you see why it's so important to get a good night's sleep, Phil? Plus, it will stop you sleeping at work again, right? I think it's time to reveal the answer to my question. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">菲爾，現(xiàn)在你明白保證充足睡眠的重要性了吧？而且，這也能避免你上班時再打瞌睡，不是嗎？我想是時候揭曉我問題的答案了。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Yes, you asked me how much of the average person's life is spent asleep, and I said it was about a third. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">你問我普通人一生中有多少時間在睡覺，我說大約是三分之一。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Which was the correct answer. Assuming you sleep 8h a day, the average person will sleep for 229000, 961h in their lifetime or around 103rd of their life. Okay, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned, starting with the phrases, catch 40 winks, get some shut eye doze and take a nap, all of which mean to sleep. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">正確答案是：假設(shè)一個人每天睡8小時，那么一生中平均會睡229,961小時，約占生命的三分之一。好了，我們來回顧一下學(xué)到的詞匯。從短語開始，"catch 40 winks"、"get some shut eye"、"doze"和"take a nap"都表示睡覺的意思。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： When someone takes in information, they understand it. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">當(dāng)人們接收信息時，他們能夠理解它。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： If you have a problem and you sleep on it, you delay making a decision until you've had time to think about it. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">如果你遇到難題，不妨先放一放，等深思熟慮后再做決定。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： Deprivation is an absence or too little of something important, such as food or sleep. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">剝奪是指重要事物（如食物或睡眠）的缺失或嚴(yán)重不足。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Georgie</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： The fight or flight response describes changes in the human body in response to a dangerous situation which make us either stay and fight the threat or run away from it. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">“戰(zhàn)或逃反應(yīng)”描述了人體在面臨危險時發(fā)生的變化，這些變化使我們選擇留下來對抗威脅或逃離現(xiàn)場。</span></p><p class="ql-block"><b style="font-size:22px;">Phil</b><span style="font-size:22px;">： And finally, if something has a knock on effect, it causes other results indirectly. Once again, our 6min are up, but remember to join us again next time for more trending topics and useful vocabulary here at six minute English goodbye for now. </span></p><p class="ql-block"><span style="font-size:22px;">最后，如果某事產(chǎn)生了連鎖效應(yīng)，就意味著它間接引發(fā)了其他結(jié)果。今天的六分鐘又到了尾聲，但請記得下次繼續(xù)收聽，我們將帶來更多熱門話題和實(shí)用詞匯。這里是六分鐘英語，我們下次再見。</span></p>